Latest Standards Technical Articles

Learn how distribution transformers bridge medium-voltage feeders and end-use equipment, ensuring stable voltage through…

Learn how distribution transformers bridge medium-voltage feeders and end-use equipment, ensuring stable voltage through strategic placement,…

Learn about fault levels and short-circuit protection for medium-voltage distribution. We’ll examine current sources,…

Learn about fault levels and short-circuit protection for medium-voltage distribution. We’ll examine current sources, fault types, symmetrical…

Overhead vs. underground power distribution: Learn the cost, reliability, and design trade-offs for medium voltage power…

Overhead vs. underground power distribution: Learn the cost, reliability, and design trade-offs for medium voltage power systems across urban,…

Explore distribution topologies, from simple radial feeders to complex networks, and examine reliability metrics, common…

Explore distribution topologies, from simple radial feeders to complex networks, and examine reliability metrics, common causes of outages, and…

Learn how modern substation commissioning extends beyond plant checks to verify SCADA, comms, cybersecurity, and data…

Learn how modern substation commissioning extends beyond plant checks to verify SCADA, comms, cybersecurity, and data integrity for safe operation…

Substation field testing ensures long-term reliability. It verifies instrument transformers , circuit breakers, and…

Substation field testing ensures long-term reliability. It verifies instrument transformers , circuit breakers, and protection relays against…

This article walks through pre‑commissioning inspections and electrical tests commonly used in utility and industrial…

This article walks through pre‑commissioning inspections and electrical tests commonly used in utility and industrial substations, translating…

IEC partial standards miss dv/dt, thermal, and micro-PD effects in power modules, limiting their value for…

IEC partial standards miss dv/dt, thermal, and micro-PD effects in power modules, limiting their value for inverter-driven reliability prediction.

Learn how substation commissioning verifies design intent and system integration through FAT, SAT, cold…

Learn how substation commissioning verifies design intent and system integration through FAT, SAT, cold (pre-energization), and hot…

Learn how smart substations can leverage IEC 61850 and CIM for data flow. Advanced analytics and machine learning (ML)…

Learn how smart substations can leverage IEC 61850 and CIM for data flow. Advanced analytics and machine learning (ML) can turn high-res data into…

Learn how smart substations use synchronized IoT devices compliant with key standards for high-fidelity data, enabling…

Learn how smart substations use synchronized IoT devices compliant with key standards for high-fidelity data, enabling real-time protection and…

In the final part of this series, we examine substation design practices for managing two critical issues: oil…

In the final part of this series, we examine substation design practices for managing two critical issues: oil containment and noise control.

This article explains how a substation’s physical layout must integrate safety clearances, grounding, and thermal management.

This article explains how a substation’s physical layout must integrate safety clearances, grounding, and thermal management.

In this new article series, we look at substation design and layout planning, starting here with early stage choices and…

In this new article series, we look at substation design and layout planning, starting here with early stage choices and physical layout.

As we wrap up this series, this article outlines the purpose of substation grounding, the IEE Std 80 design, and…

As we wrap up this series, this article outlines the purpose of substation grounding, the IEE Std 80 design, and best-practice field testing.

Here, in Part 2, we examine insulation coordination and Basic Insulation Level (BIL) in high-voltage systems for…

Here, in Part 2, we examine insulation coordination and Basic Insulation Level (BIL) in high-voltage systems for reliability against transient…

Learn about the role of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) in enhancing power system efficiency, stability, and…

Learn about the role of Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) in enhancing power system efficiency, stability, and controllability. We’ll look…

Regular calibration is crucial to ensure that your measurement equipment is measuring accurately. Learn the important…

Regular calibration is crucial to ensure that your measurement equipment is measuring accurately. Learn the important standards, on-line resources,…

Learn how frequency impacts transmission line parameters—resistance, inductance, capacitance, conductance—due to…

Learn how frequency impacts transmission line parameters—resistance, inductance, capacitance, conductance—due to skin/proximity effects,…