Latest Private Technical Articles

Distribution transformers shape network voltage and fault behavior. Learn how winding configurations, vector groups, and…

Distribution transformers shape network voltage and fault behavior. Learn how winding configurations, vector groups, and grounding methods impact…

Learn how distribution transformers bridge medium-voltage feeders and end-use equipment, ensuring stable voltage through…

Learn how distribution transformers bridge medium-voltage feeders and end-use equipment, ensuring stable voltage through strategic placement,…

Learn about fault levels and short-circuit protection for medium-voltage distribution. We’ll examine current sources,…

Learn about fault levels and short-circuit protection for medium-voltage distribution. We’ll examine current sources, fault types, symmetrical…

Overhead vs. underground power distribution: Learn the cost, reliability, and design trade-offs for medium voltage power…

Overhead vs. underground power distribution: Learn the cost, reliability, and design trade-offs for medium voltage power systems across urban,…

Protective devices, such as reclosers and sectionalizers, along with automation, can quickly detect, isolate, and restore…

Protective devices, such as reclosers and sectionalizers, along with automation, can quickly detect, isolate, and restore service after faults.

This article provides analysis steps and implementation strategies for distributed energy resource behavior,…

This article provides analysis steps and implementation strategies for distributed energy resource behavior, transportation electrification, and…

Explore distribution topologies, from simple radial feeders to complex networks, and examine reliability metrics, common…

Explore distribution topologies, from simple radial feeders to complex networks, and examine reliability metrics, common causes of outages, and…

Oscilloscope bandwidth can quietly change high-voltage transients and hide the real dv/dt stress, not just probe…

Oscilloscope bandwidth can quietly change high-voltage transients and hide the real dv/dt stress, not just probe capacitance or ground inductance.

Learn how modern substation commissioning extends beyond plant checks to verify SCADA, comms, cybersecurity, and data…

Learn how modern substation commissioning extends beyond plant checks to verify SCADA, comms, cybersecurity, and data integrity for safe operation…

Substation field testing ensures long-term reliability. It verifies instrument transformers , circuit breakers, and…

Substation field testing ensures long-term reliability. It verifies instrument transformers , circuit breakers, and protection relays against…

Learn how substation commissioning verifies design intent and system integration through FAT, SAT, cold…

Learn how substation commissioning verifies design intent and system integration through FAT, SAT, cold (pre-energization), and hot…

This article discusses trends in AI-assisted smart substations, including sensor density, autonomous and self-healing…

This article discusses trends in AI-assisted smart substations, including sensor density, autonomous and self-healing networks, and inverter-based…

Learn how smart substations can leverage IEC 61850 and CIM for data flow. Advanced analytics and machine learning (ML)…

Learn how smart substations can leverage IEC 61850 and CIM for data flow. Advanced analytics and machine learning (ML) can turn high-res data into…

This article focuses on practical implementation details for communications and data integration in smart substations and…

This article focuses on practical implementation details for communications and data integration in smart substations and reviews predictive…

Learn how multiphysics-based digital twins are increasingly used to capture interactions in electrification applications,…

Learn how multiphysics-based digital twins are increasingly used to capture interactions in electrification applications, enabling more accurate…

Learn how smart substations use synchronized IoT devices compliant with key standards for high-fidelity data, enabling…

Learn how smart substations use synchronized IoT devices compliant with key standards for high-fidelity data, enabling real-time protection and…

In the final part of this series, we examine substation design practices for managing two critical issues: oil…

In the final part of this series, we examine substation design practices for managing two critical issues: oil containment and noise control.

In this new article series, we look at substation design and layout planning, starting here with early stage choices and…

In this new article series, we look at substation design and layout planning, starting here with early stage choices and physical layout.

By employing a fluxless reflow process using formic acid vapor, flux residues can be eliminated, processes are…

By employing a fluxless reflow process using formic acid vapor, flux residues can be eliminated, processes are streamlined, and power device…

Learn how modern substation integration merges protection and SCADA over digital networks and requires security and…

Learn how modern substation integration merges protection and SCADA over digital networks and requires security and human-centered HMIs for grid…